KILL(1) OpenBSD Reference Manual KILL(1) NAME kill - terminate or signal a process SYNOPSIS kill [-s signal_name] pid [...] kill -l [exit_status] kill -signal_name pid [...] kill -signal_number pid [...] DESCRIPTION The kill utility sends a signal to the process(es) specified by the pid operand(s). If no signal is specified, SIGTERM is used. Only the superuser may send signals to other users' processes. The options are as follows: -s signal_name A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the default SIGTERM. -l [exit_status] If no operand is given, list the signal names; otherwise, write the signal name corresponding to exit_status. -signal_name A symbolic signal name specifying the signal to be sent instead of the default SIGTERM. -signal_number A non-negative decimal integer specifying the signal to be sent instead of the default SIGTERM. The following PIDs have special meanings: -1 If superuser, broadcast the signal to all processes; other- wise, broadcast to all processes belonging to the user. -pgid Send the signal to all processes within the specified pro- cess group. Some of the more commonly used signals: 1 HUP (hang up) 2 INT (interrupt) 3 QUIT (quit) 6 ABRT (abort) 9 KILL (non-catchable, non-ignorable kill) 14 ALRM (alarm clock) 15 TERM (software termination signal) A signal number of 0 (kill -0 pid) checks the validity of a certain PID, to see if it exists. An exit code of 0 means that the specified process exists. The kill utility exists as a built-in to most shells; they allow job specifiers of the form ``%...'' as arguments, so process IDs are not as often used as kill arguments. EXAMPLES $ kill -9 1234 Forcibly terminate process ID 1234. # kill -HUP `cat /var/run/inetd.pid` Send the inetd(8) daemon the hangup signal, instructing it to re-read its configuration from /etc/inetd.conf. SEE ALSO csh(1), ps(1), sh(1), kill(2), sigaction(2) STANDARDS The kill utility is expected to be IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2'') compati- ble. HISTORY A kill command appeared in Version 3 AT&T UNIX. OpenBSD 3.5 April 28, 1995 2